salamanders

Ezilwaneni ezihlala emanzini ezihlala emanzini ezikhona, intulo ingenye yalezo ezijwayela kangcono impilo ekuthunjweni futhi ingaba inketho enhle ukuze isilwane sibe nayo.

Nokho, kuwufanele ukwazi ngaphambili injani intulo, lapho ivela khona, yiziphi izinhlobo ze-salamander ezikhona kanye nezidingo zokudla, ukukhiqiza, njll. udinga ini.

Izici ze-salamanders

Intulo iyisilwane esiphila emanzini nasezweni elincane Akuvamile ukweqa amasentimitha angama-30 kakhulu ngobude, kuba nje ezinye zezinhlobo ezifinyelela kuzo futhi zinkulu, kancane kakhulu, kulawo masentimitha. Isisindo sayo singamagremu angu-19, nakuba kunezinhlobo ezingaba zinkulu njengengwenya futhi zibe nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-64.

Inemilenze yangemuva neyangaphambili eyakhiwe iminwe emine, kanti imilenze yangemuva inemihlanu. Mafushane kakhulu, kodwa yinde ngokwanele ukuthi uzulazule futhi ugijime ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nazo zisetshenziselwa ukubhukuda. Kanye nalokhu, inomzimba osuka phansi ekhanda uye emsileni wayo, onomklamo omude futhi umbozwe ulwelwesi okwenza isikhumba sayo sibukeke slide futhi sicwebezela. Ayinazo izikali, kodwa inazo Inebhande le-pelvic le-cartilaginous. Lokhu yikho okwenza ukuthi ikwazi ukuguquguquka kakhulu.

Ngokuqondene nekhanda, libanzi impela uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba, futhi liyisicaba. Inomlomo ogobile onamazinyo kanye nolimi olude olunamathelayo olusebenzisa ukubamba inyamazane yayo bese isisondeza kuyo ukuze ishwabe.

Umehluko okhona phakathi intulo wesilisa nowesifazane amanga, ngaphezu kwakho konke, emzimbeni. Ngenkathi owesilisa unomzimba owenziwe isitayela futhi ozacile, insikazi ivame ukuba nkulu, ijiyile, iqine futhi iyinde.

Uhlala kuphi

Iningi le izinhlobo ze-salamander zihlala ikakhulukazi eMelika, kokubili enyakatho naseningizimu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, zitholakala nakwezinye izindawo ezifana ne-Afrika, i-Europe, i-Asia noma i-Russia.

Indawo yazo yemvelo isho ukuthi umswakama uphezulu futhi, uma kungenzeka, ezindaweni lapho kunamanzi futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, zingavikeleka emakhazeni noma kwezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye, njengezindawo ezinamagatsha, iziqu, njll. Ngakho-ke indawo yayo ekahle ingaba ihlathi, indawo eseduze nomfula, insimu yezithelo, idlelo, njll.

Bachitha usuku becashile futhi kusebusuku lapho bematasa kakhulu, kungaba ukuzingela noma ukuyohlola.

izinhlobo salamanders

Njengamanje, ziyaziwa, ngaphakathi kwama-caudates, okungukuthi, ama-salamanders, ama-axolotl nama-newts, 9 imindeni ehlukene, ngaphezu kokungu-3 osekunyamalele. Imindeni ngayinye ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana, ngakho-ke ungathola okulandelayo:

• I-Ambystomatidae, enezinhlobo ezingu-37 ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezivela eMexico nase-United States.
• I-Amphiumidae, eyakhiwe ngezinhlobo ezi-3, ezivela eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States.
• I-Cryptobranchidae, enezinhlobo ezi-4. Bangama-salamanders amakhulu, atholakala eJapane, eChina nase-United States.
• I-Hynobiidae, enezinhlobo ezingu-66. Ebizwa nangokuthi ama-salamanders ase-Asia atholakala kulo lonke elase-Asia nengxenye yeRussia.
• I-Plethodontidae. Ingumndeni omkhulu kunazo zonke izinhlobo ze-salamander, ezinezinhlobo ezingama-453. Zitholakala kakhulu eMelika, ukusuka e-Alaska ukuya eBrazil naseBolivia, nakuba kunezinhlobo ezitholakala eKorea noma e-Italy.
• I-Proteidae, okuhlanganisa 8 izinhlobo ezahlukene. Aziwa njengama-proteid futhi ahlala eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu.
• I-Rhyacotritonidae, eyakhiwe ngezinhlobo ezi-4. Bangama-salamanders ama-Olympic, atholakala ePacific Northwest.
• salamandridae, eyesibili ngobukhulu, enezinhlobo ezingu-116. Zitholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia, eNyakatho Afrika naseNyakatho Melika.
• I-Sirenidae, lapho kuhlangana khona izinhlobo ezine zezilwane, ezivela e-United States nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeMexico.

udlani intulo

Kuye ngendawo ehlala kuyo, kanye nezinhlobo ezikuyo, ukudla kwesalamander kuhlukile. Ngokuvamile, intulo ithanda ukuba semanzini, kodwa abanye abaningi bahlala emhlabeni. Lokhu Idla ezinye izilwane njengoba idla inyama. isebenzisa ulimi lwayo olunamathelayo ukuze ingene ebangeni elifanele lenyamazane ukuze iyibambe. Isibonelo, idla izikelemu, izicabucabu, ama-centipedes noma ama-slugs, izilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla, njll.

Kepha intulo yamanzi, idla izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-leeches, amaqanda, tadpoles, amaxoxo, njll. Iyabhukuda ngokushesha, futhi iphonsa ulimi lwayo emanzini, ngakho kuba nzima ukuba inyamazane ibaleke.

Njengengane, intulo iqala ngokudla igobolondo leqanda layo kanye nezakhi ezizungezile. Kodwa-ke, lapho isikhule ngokwanele, iqala ukudla izilwane ezincane zasemanzini, njengezimfanzi, kanye ne-plankton, amaqanda, izibungu zezinambuzane, njll.

Ekuthunjweni, intulo kulula kakhulu ukondla ngoba idinga kuphela ukudla okuphilayo nokunyakazayo, njengamakhilikithi, ama-silkworms, ama-shrimp, izinhlanzi ezincane, izibungu zomiyane, izikelemu, njll., ezingatholakala ezitolo zezilwane.

Ukuzala

Ukufeza ukuzala kwalolu hlobo, into yokuqala edingekayo ukuthi isifanekiso sesifinyelele eminyakeni yokuvuthwa ngokocansi, into eyenzeka eminyakeni engu-3-4 ubudala. Ukuthanda kwabo ukuthola inzalo kuvame ukuba sekwindla, okuyilapho kushisa khona, bese bekhetha ubusuku ukuze benze isiko.

Ngaleso sikhathi, iduna ligibela phezu kwensikazi bese lishona phansi, lixubha ikhala leduna ngomphimbo wensikazi.

Ngemva kokukhulelwa, insikazi izozala phakathi kukaZibandlela noFebruwari, nge ukubeka izibungu ezingaba ngu-40-86, zonke kulwelwesi oluvikelekile. Ukuzala kwenziwa ezindaweni lapho kunamanzi futhi, ngokungafani nezinye izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini, kulezi ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa ikhanda, umzimba kanye namaphethelo awo.

Intulo uma izalwa iba mpunga futhi inamabala anjengensimbi noma ansundu kanye nesisu sayo esimhlophe. Njengoba ikhula leyo mibala iyashintsha, kodwa kancane futhi kuye ngendawo ezungezile kanye nezinhlobo eziyiyo. Ihlala emanzini isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezi-4, lapho amagobolondo eqala ukunyamalala futhi iphumela emhlabathini, ikhiqize ukuguquguquka okuyenza ifane kakhulu nezibankwa.

intulo curiosities

Intulo ingenye yezilwane ezimbalwa ekwazi ukuzivuselela. Lapho le-amphibian ilahlekelwa isitho, noma ilimala, iyakwazi ukukhula entsha esebenza ngokugcwele, into ezinye izilwane ezingakwazi ukuyenza. Kodwa hhayi kuphela lezo zingxenye zomzimba wakhe, kodwa ngisho nezitho ezifana nenhliziyo yakhe.

Kukhona futhi izibonelo ezingaba nobuthi ngenxa yokuphuma kwesikhumba sayo esithintana nezinye izilwane ukuze isivikele.

Intulo futhi ingesinye sezilwane esihlobene kakhulu nokholo ngoba kunezikhombo ezibhekisela kuso eBhayibhelini ngokwalo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwezimpicabadala eziseBhayibhelini, iqiniso liwukuthi Kuyisilwane esikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma iyiphi indawo, kungaba endle noma njengesilwane esifuywayo.