Izinhlobo Zoshaka Ezisengozini
Emhlabeni, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500 zoshaka, futhi kulaba, cishe ama-25% asengozini yokushabalala. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezisengozini kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ushaka omhlophe (Carcharodon carcharias)
- I-Hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini)
- I-Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus)
- I-Thresher shark (Alopias superciliosus)
- Inkunzi shark (Galeocerdo cuvier)
Lezi zinhlobo zihlukaniswa ngamazinga ahlukene okusongelwa, kusukela kwabasengozini kakhulu kuye kwabasengozini enkulu, ngokusho kwe I-International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Izimbangela zokwehla kwenani loshaka
Kunezimbangela ezimbalwa eziholele ekwehleni kwenani loshaka. Ezinye zazo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
1. Ukudoba ngokweqile: Enye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zokwehla kwenani loshaka ukudoba ngokweqile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa okuhlosiwe, ukudotshwa kwezinhlanzi, kanye ne-shark finning, lapho oshaka bebanjwa ukuze basebenzise amaphiko abo ukuze benze isobho le-shark fin, isidlo esithathwa njengesibiliboco kwamanye amasiko.
2. Ukucekelwa phansi kwendawo yokuhlala: Ukucekelwa phansi nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo ezihlala olwandle, njengezixhobo zamakhorali kanye notshani basolwandle, ngenxa yezinto ezenziwa abantu, njengokwakhiwa kogu, izimayini, kanye nokungcoliswa komhlaba, nakho kube nomthelela omkhulu ezinhlanganweni zoshaka.
3. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu: Ukwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi kanye ne-asidi yolwandle ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungaba nemiphumela emibi ezindaweni ezihlala oshaka kanye nezilwane ezizingelayo, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi ziphile futhi zizalane.
Izinyathelo zokuvikela oshaka
Ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwalezi zinhlobo zezilwane nokusiza ukululama kwazo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa nokukhuthaza izindlela zokonga. Ezinye izenzo ezibalulekile zifaka:
1. Ukulawulwa kokudoba: Ukusebenzisa imithetho nemikhawulo ekudotshweni koshaka, ukwenqabela ukudotshwa kwezinhlanzi zoshaka, kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo zokongiwa ezindaweni ezizalela kuzo nezokudla kubalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe lezi zilwane.
2. Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezivikelwe: Ukusungula izindawo ezivikelekile zasolwandle, lapho ukudoba nemisebenzi yabantu esongela indawo oshaka kuyo ivinjelwe khona, kungaqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwendawo yabo futhi kubavumele ukuba bazalane futhi bathole ukudla okungeyona ingozi encane.
3. Ucwaningo nokuqapha inani labantu: Ukwenza ucwaningo nokuqapha inani loshaka kunganikeza idatha ebalulekile yokuqonda ukuziphatha kwabo, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nezidingo zokongiwa kwabo.
Iqhaza lezemfundo nokuqwashisa umphakathi
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvikela izinhlobo zoshaka ezisengozini ukukhulisa ukuqwashisa umphakathi kanye nemfundo. Abantu abaningi basabheka oshaka njengabanonya futhi abayingozi, okunomthelela ekuntulekeni kozwela nokusekela izidingo zabo zokongiwa kwemvelo.
Ngokufundisa nokuqwashisa, ungashintsha umbono woshaka futhi ukhuthaze abantu ukuthi basekele ukuvikelwa kanye nokongiwa kwalezi zilwane ezingajwayelekile.
Ukubaluleka kokuvikela oshaka
oshaka kukhona kubalulekile ukugcina ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle, njengoba zilawula inani lezinye izinhlobo zezilwane futhi ziqeda izilwane ezigulayo nezibuthaka. Ukulahlekelwa oshaka kungaba nemiphumela emibi ku-ecosystem futhi kuthinte ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane zasolwandle.
Futhi, oshaka bane- amandla amakhulu kwezokuvakasha esimeme, njengokubuka oshaka noma ukutshuza ekhejini, imisebenzi engaveza izinzuzo zezomnotho emiphakathini yendawo futhi isekele ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Kafushane, ukuvikela izinhlobo zoshaka ezisengozini kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukulingana kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle nokulondoloza izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zeplanethi yethu. Kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo eziphuthumayo futhi sikhuthaze ukuqwashisa nokweseka ukongiwa kwalezi zilwane ezimangalisayo.