Inyoka enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yisihloko esihlale sikhanga abathandi bezilwane ezihuquzelayo nemvelo. Lezi zidalwa ezinkulu azigcini nje ngokuvusa ilukuluku lethu ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obumangalisayo, kodwa nangenxa yeqhaza lazo ku-ecosystem. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nenyoka enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kusukela endaweni ehlala kuyo kuya emikhubeni yayo yokudla kanye nokunye okuthakazelisayo.
Ama-Serpientes
Esinye sezilwane ezesatshwa kakhulu emhlabeni ngabantu yi inyoka. Kuyisilwane esibhebhethekisa ukwesaba ngenxa yobuthi bezinye izinhlobo. Kuwo wonke umlando bebezenzela igama elibi ngoba kunezinhlobo ezithile ezinoshevu ongabulala. Kwakuyizilwane ezaqalwa ngesikhathi seCretaceous futhi ezinezici ezinhle kakhulu ezizenza iqembu elithakazelisa kakhulu lezilwane okufanele lifundwe.
Lapha sizokutshela zonke izici, indawo yokuhlala, ukudla kanye nokuzala kwenyoka.
Izici Zenyoka
Lezi yizilwane ezingenazo izitho, kodwa ezingahamba cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo. Lesi esinye sezici ezenza lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zibe mnandi. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-3460 zezinyoka emhlabeni jikelele.. Kuleli nani lezinhlobo zezilwane, zingama-450 kuphela lezi zinhlobo ezinobuthi. Nokho, kukhona abanye abanobuthi obubulalayo kangangokuthi baye basakaza igama labo njengabayingozi.
Izinyoka eziningi ziyabanjwa ukuze zikwazi ukusizakala ngesikhumba noma ukudla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu udala ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoka zibe sengozini yokushabalala. Lezi zilwane ziye zahlala emhlabeni wethu iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-150, ngesikhathi seCretaceous. Kunolwazi olukhulu ngalesi silwane ngenxa yemibhalo egciniwe yezinsalela eziye zatholakala zalezi zilwane.
Baziwa ngokuthi bavela ezibankwa zasemanzini. Ubukhulu benyoka bungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuya kumamitha ayi-10 ubude. Uhlaka lwamathambo alezi zilwane lwakhiwe ama-vertebrae ngamanani amakhulu. Isibonelo salokhu yinhlwathi, enamathambo omgogodla angaba ngu-400.
Njengoba bengenayo imilenze, kufanele banyakaze ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezikali zabo. Izikali ezisendaweni yokungena yizo ezivumela ukuhamba phambili futhi zivimbele ukuthi zingakhukhuleki ziye emaceleni. Ukunyakaza kwenyoka kuwukungabi nalutho. Bangakwazi ukunyakaza ngezindlela ezahlukene, nakuba okuvame kakhulu ukwenza ama-lateral undulations ngomzimba wabo. Lesi sikhathi siqala ekhanda futhi sigcine emsileni wayo. Bakwenzela ukuthi bakwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini esingaguquki.
Umqondo wokubona ulinganiselwe. Ngakho, Basebenzisa ulimi lwabo ukuze bakwazi ukubona amaphunga ahlukene futhi baxhumane nendawo abakuyo.. Ngenxa yolimi lwazo, ziyakwazi ukusuka phezulu ziye phansi esibindini, zibhekise ulimi emlonyeni ukuze zazi ukuthi kukhona okudliwayo noma kusengozini. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu esenza sibone izinyoka zihlale zikhipha ulimi. Umsila unobude obucishe bube ngama-20% womzimba wawo.
Indawo nendawo okusatshalaliswa kuyo
Izinyoka zazibhekwa njengesilwane esihlala sodwa futhi zizihlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Akuvamile ukubona izinyoka ezimbili zihlangene. Kwenzeka kuphela ngenkathi yokulala kanye nenkathi yokukhwelana. Bayakwazi ukuphila futhi cishe noma kuphi, ukusuka ezindaweni ezisehlathini kuya ezindaweni ezishisayo. Okuhle ukuthi inyoka iphile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle ukuthi izinga lokushisa alishintshi. Njengoba ziyizilwane ezinegazi elibandayo, azikwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa ngokwazo. Zidinga ukushisa kwelanga ukuze zikwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo.
Amanye ama-ecosystem lapho singathola khona izinyoka kusezingwadule nama-savannah. Ezinye izinhlobo zingatholakala ngisho nasemanzini, phezulu ezihlahleni nangaphansi komhlaba.
Ukondla nokukhiqiza inyoka
Ukudla kwenyoka kuyadla. Idla ngokuyinhloko izinyoni, izinhlanzi, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini kanye nezinambuzane. Kuphela uma ukudla kuyindlala noma kunzima ukukuthola, lapho bengakwazi ukudla ngezinhlobo zohlobo olufanayo. Ukuze zondle, zingagwinya inyamazane yazo ngokuphelele njengoba zingenazo izakhiwo zamazinyo ukuze zikwazi ukuhlafuna.
Enye yezinto ezimbi inyoka enazo mayelana nokudla kwayo ukugaya ukudla. Ukugwinya inyamazane ngokuphelele, ngesikhathi sokugaya kufanele ibekwe ingakwazi ukuhamba. Lokhu kusiza ukugcwalisa amandla asetshenziswe phakathi nenqubo yokubamba inyamazane. Okwamanje lapho inyoka isemgudwini wayo wokugaya basengozini yokuhlaselwa yinoma yimuphi umuntu.
Elinye lamaqhinga abanalo ukuze baphile wukuxosha ukudla ngaphakathi kwabo uma besengozini. Ngale ndlela, bangakwazi ukuphinde bakwazi ukuhamba futhi babaleke ngesikhathi. Ngenxa yokuthi ukugaya ukudla kuhamba kancane futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside, bangahamba izinyanga bengadlile.
Ngokuqondene nokuzala, ziyizilwane ezinama-oviparous. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zibekela amaqanda ngaphandle kwe-boa snake, ukukhiqizwa kwayo okuyi-ovoviviparous. Inqubo yokukhiqiza nokukhwelana yenzeka ngesikhathi sasentwasahlobo nesehlobo. Lokhu kuzoncika ekutholakaleni kokudla kanye nezimo zezulu. Abesilisa yibo abaqoma owesifazane. Ngenxa yalokhu, ezinye izimpi phakathi kwabesilisa zenzeka ukuze bakwazi ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi ikhophi naye. Lezi yizimo kuphela lapho singathola khona izibonelo zezinyoka ezimbalwa endaweni eyodwa.
Uma iduna selihlangene nensikazi, liyozihambela ngendlela yalo futhi kube yilona wesifazane elizothatha ukuziphatha okubi kakhulu. Isikhathi sokufukamela ngokuvamile sithatha phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-2 neziyi-5. futhi umama uyawalahla lapho nje ebeka amaqanda. Ekuzalweni, abancane kufanele bazinakekele.
Izinyoka ezinobuthi nezingenabo ubuthi
Uma uzwa ngezinyoka, into yokuqala oyicabangayo ukubulawa kokulunywa kwazo. I-10% kuphela yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinyoka ezinobuthi. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezinobuthi sithola inyoka ye-bastard, i-cobra, i-rattlesnake, i-coral snake, inyoka yasolwandle, izinyoka ze-taipan ne-velvet snake, phakathi kwabanye.
Phakathi kwezinyoka ezingenabo ubuthi sithola izilwane eziningi ezifuywayo ezifana nenhlwathi, i-boa, inyoka ene-collard, python, inyoka yesicathulo samahhashi, phakathi kwezinye.
Ngethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngenyoka.
Inyoka Enobuthi Iningi Emhlabeni
Uma sikhuluma ngezinyoka, uvalo lwalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ngenxa yobuthi bazo njalo lufika engqondweni. Esinye sezilwane ezinamandla kunazo zonke ezitholakala endaweni yasolwandle yi- I-Enhydrin schistosa. Imayelana ne- inyoka enobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni. Nakuba ingafaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka zasemhlabeni ezinobuthi, uma siyiqhathanisa njengereferensi yomthamo obulalayo omaphakathi, le nyoka ibulala kakhulu emhlabeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici, ukudla, ukuzala kanye nendawo yokuhlala yenyoka enobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni.
inyoka yesicathulo samahhashi
ISpain inezinhlobo ezithile ezingase zingaziwa kwabaningi. Yilokho okwenzekayo ngenyoka yesicathulo samahhashi, uhlobo lwesilwane esihuquzelayo esitholakala ezindaweni ezimbalwa kakhulu, esinye sazo kuyiNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana izici zenyoka yesicathulo, lapho lihlala khona, uhlobo lokudla elinakho kanjalo nokukhiqizwa kwalo, sililungiselele leli fayela ukuze nibe nalo lonke lolu hlobo lolwazi nokunye okuningi.
Inyoka eluhlaza
Izinyoka ngesinye sezilwane ongazithola ngemibala ehlukene. Kodwa kukhona eyodwa, inyoka eluhlaza, enethoni eyodwa yombala, nayo eyichazayo. Kuyisilwane esiheha abantu abaningi, sincane ngosayizi futhi sifuna ukwazi ngesimo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi ifayela le- izici zenyoka eluhlaza, indawo yayo yemvelo, ukudla, ukuzala noma lokho okudingayo ukuze ube nayo njengesilwane esifuywayo, lapha sihlanganise lonke ulwazi oludingayo.
inyoka yomuthi
Umbuso wezilwane wezinyoka ucebile ngokwezinhlobo zalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi sithola ezinye zezibonelo ezibamba ukunaka kwethu. Injalo-ke inyoka yomdlwembe.
Kuyisilwane esinaso eSpain futhi engxenyeni yeYurophu. Uma ufuna ukwazi i izici zenyoka ye-bastard, ukuziphatha kwayo, lapho ongayithola khona, ukuthi idla ini noma ikhiqiza kanjani, lapha unalo lonke ulwazi oludingayo ngayo.
inyoka endizayo
Izikhathi eziningi, inkulumo ethi 'kuze kundiza izingulube' isetshenziselwa ukusho into okungacatshangwa ukuthi ingenzeka. Futhi kulokhu, ngenyoka endizayo, sinesilwane esingavamile ukusibona esibhakabhakeni, kodwa kunalokho esikhasa phansi. Nokho, likhona.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngenyoka endizayo, izici enazo, indawo yayo yemvelo, uhlobo lokudla ekudlayo, noma ukukhiqizwa, lapha uzothola lonke ulwazi olufunayo.
Boa
I-boa snake ingenye yezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezesatshwa kakhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kanye nendlela ezizingela ngayo. Nokho, ayinabo ubuthi.
Uma ufuna ukwazi injani i-boa snake, indawo ehlala kuyo, hlobo luni lokudla ekudlayo, noma ukukhiqizwa kwayo, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka imibhalo esikulungiselele yona.
Inyoka yeVelvet
Ngaphakathi kombuso wezinyoka, kunezinhlobo ezithile ezaziwa kangcono kunezinye. Inyoka ebizwa ngokuthi i-velvet snake ingenye engaziwa eSpain, yize kwamanye amazwe afana neMelika beyazi kahle, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezigameko zokufa ezenzeka minyaka yonke ngenxa yokulunywa kwayo.
Njengoba kungenzeka inobuthi, sikhuluma ngenyoka enolaka elwa lapho izizwa isongelwa. Uma ufuna ukwazi i izici zenyoka ye-velvet, indawo yabo yemvelo, ukondla kanye nokuzala, ungangabazi ukufunda lesi sihloko.
isitebhisi senyoka
Ngaphakathi kombuso wezilwane ezihuquzelayo, inyoka yesitebhisi ingenye yezilwane ezaziwa kancane (kodwa nokho ingenye yezilwane ezibukeka kakhulu). Kusuka emndenini we-colubrid, uzohlangana nesilwane esinomumo omangalisayo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngaye, isibonelo injani inyoka yesitebhisi, indawo yabo yemvelo, ukudla noma ukukhiqiza kabusha, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda lokho esikulungiselele kona.
imfezi nyoka
Enye yezinyoka ezaziwa kakhulu yinyoka yemfezi. Inobuthi, iyabulala futhi enye yezinkulu ezikhona.
Uma ufuna ukwazi injani inyoka yemfezi, ihlala kuphi, injani ukudla kwayo okujwayelekile, ukukhiqizwa kwayo neminye imininingwane, ungangabazi ukubheka lokho esikulungiselele kona.
IPython
I-python ayinabo ubuthi, nakuba kucatshangwa ukuthi injalo. Ziyizilwane ezizingelayo ngokucindezela inyamazane yazo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi injani inyoka yenhlwathi, yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona, ihlala kuphi, nolwazi olwengeziwe, ungangabazi ukubheka okulandelayo.
inyoka ye-taipan
La inyoka ye-taipan Ingenye yezinto ezinobuthi ezikhona emhlabeni, ezikwazi ukuqeda impilo yomuntu ngeconsi elilodwa likashevu.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngokuthi injani, iphila kuphi, idla ngani, nokuthi ikhiqiza kanjani, qiniseka ukuthi uyazisa wena.