Kutholakale icala lomkhuhlane wezingulube eLleida futhi zonke izindlela zokuqapha sezivuliwe.

ulwazi lwezilwane » Ama-insectos » Kutholakale icala lomkhuhlane wezingulube eLleida futhi zonke izindlela zokuqapha sezivuliwe.

Iziphathimandla zezempilo zaseCatalan zimemezele ukuthi Ukutholwa kwecala lomuntu lomkhuhlane wezingulube A (H1N1) esifundazweni saseLleidaLokhu kuyinto engavamile, kodwa noma kunjalo kuye kwaxazululwa kusetshenziswa zonke izindlela zokuqapha izifo ezitholakalayo. Leli cala lihilela indoda eneminyaka engu-83 ubudala enezimo ezingamahlalakhona ezazikhona kakade eyatholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi ivakashele esibhedlela ngezinye izizathu zempilo.

Nakuba lolu hlobo lwegciwane luvame ukuhlotshaniswa ukuthintana ngqo nezingulube noma izindawo ezifuywayo ezingcolileKulesi siqephu, akukho ukuxhumana okutholiwe namapulazi ezingulube noma izilwane. Iziphathimandla zezempilo ezahlukahlukene zigcizelela ukuthi Ingozi kubantu bonke ibhekwa njengephansi kakhulu Bagcizelela ukuthi awekho amacala esibili noma ukwanda okungavamile kwezifo zokuphefumula okutholakale endaweni.

Icala elilodwa eliqinisekisiwe esigulini esikhulile esingenazo izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane

Njengoba kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe ngu UMnyango Wezempilo kaHulumeni waseCataloniaUmuntu othintekile yindoda eneminyaka engu-83 ubudala enesifo esihambisana naso. Waya esibhedlela ngomhlaka-30 Januwari ngenxa yesimo esingahlobene nezimpawu zokuphefumula.Njengengxenye yesistimu yokuqapha amagciwane omkhuhlane, kwathathwa isampula ye-PCR, eyatholakala ine-swine flu A (H1N1).

Okumangalisayo ngaleli cala ukuthi Isiguli sasingenazo izimpawuengenawo umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, noma izimpawu ezihambisana nomkhuhlane wesizini. Naphezu kokuguga kwakhe kanye nezimo zakhe zangaphambilini, iziphathimandla ziyaqinisekisa ukuthi Akakabi nezinkinga futhi "uphilile kahle"., ngamazwi kaNobhala Wezempilo Yomphakathi we-Generalitat, u-Esteve Fernández.

UMnyango Wezempilo ugcizelela ukuthi Akukho ukuxhumana nezingulube, amapulazi, noma ezinye izilwane okutholiwe.Isiguli noma umndeni waso noma abantu abasendaweni yaso evamile abazange babike ngokuchayeka emapulazini emfuyo, emibukisweni yemfuyo noma ezindaweni lapho igciwane lingase libe khona, okuyisici esenza leli cala elihle libe yisiqephu esingavamile.

Ukutholwa kwenzeke ngaphakathi kwe- Izinqubo zokuqapha izifo zamagciwane omkhuhlane E-Catalonia, lezi zinyathelo zifaka phakathi ukusampula okungahleliwe kwabantu abavakashela izikhungo zezempilo. Le ndlela ivumela ukutholakala kwamagciwane omkhuhlane wesizini kanye nezinhlobo ezingase zithwalwe yizilwane ezingase zisakazeke ngezikhathi ezithile.

Iziphathimandla zezempilo zigcizelela ukuthi, njengoba kunjalo namuhla, Indoda ayizange idlulisele lesi sifo kunoma ubani endaweni yayo. Futhi izivivinyo ezenziwa kubantu abaseduze zibuye zithi azinawo umphumela omuhle, okuqinisa umqondo wecala elilodwa.

Ukusebenza kwezinqubo zomthetho kanye nokuxhumana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwaleli cala

La Isaziso esisemthethweni somphumela omuhle sifike kuNobhala Wezempilo Yomphakathi ngomhlaka-11 kuNhlolanjaLokhu kwaqala ngokushesha ukusebenza okuhlelekile kwezinqubo zokuqapha izifo, i-microbiology, kanye nokuxhumana kwezikhungo ezimiselwe lezi zimo. Ngokuhambisana neMithethonqubo Yezempilo Yomhlaba Wonke, Noma yiliphi icala lomkhuhlane wezingulube kubantu kufanele libikwe kwi-WHO.

Ngomhlaka-13 kuNhlolanja, icala ladluliselwa ku- Isikhungo Sokuxhumanisa Izexwayiso Zezempilo Nezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-CCAES)owabe esezisa I-World Health Organization (WHO) Iziphathimandla zezempilo zomphakathi zaseYurophu sezivele zazisiwe. Lokhu kuhlanganiswe nezinhlelo zezaziso zomhlaba wonke, lapho izehlakalo ezingaba nesithakazelo emhlabeni wonke zihlolwa ngokubambisana.

Ilabhorethri yokubhekisela iqinisekisile, ngokusebenzisa ukulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo, ukuthi kwakuyi igciwane le-Eurasian porcine lineage H1 1C.2.2, okuhambisana nezinhlobo ze-swine influenza A ezithi Okwamanje zisakazeka ngenani lezingulube eYurophuLokhu kuqinisekiswa kuhambisana nokulandelana kokuqala okwenziwe eSibhedlela iVall d'Hebron eBarcelona.

Lokhu kwenziwa yi-WHO, i-CCAES kanye ne-Public Health Agency yaseCatalonia. ukuhlolwa okuhlangene kwaleli calaUkubukeza isigaba ngasinye senqubo yokuxilonga, kusukela ekuqoqweni kwesampula kokuqala kuya ekuhlolweni kwelabhorethri. Umgomo uwukukhipha ukwehluleka kobuchwepheshe, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okuqondile, nokutadisha izici zegciwane elihilelekile ngokuningiliziwe.

Iziphathimandla zikahulumeni, ngoMqondisi Jikelele Wezempilo Yomphakathi, uPedro Gullón, zigcizelela lokho "Akusikho okokuqala ngqa ukuthi kube necala lomkhuhlane wezingulube eSpain." Futhi ukuthi izehlakalo ezingavamile ziyabonakala nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Noma kunjalo, kugcizelelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukulondoloza ukuqapha ngokucophelela icala ngalinye ukuthola izifo zesibili ezingaba khona ngesikhathi futhi baqonde kangcono umsuka walezi zenzakalo.

Ucwaningo lwe-Epidemiological kanye nemibono eyinhloko mayelana nemvelaphi

I-Generalitat ivule i- uphenyo oluphelele ukuze kucaciswe umsuka walesi sifoAmaqembu ezempilo yomphakathi enze ucwaningo ngabantu abaseduze nesiguli, kodwa abazange bathole muntu kuze kube manje. awekho amacala engeziwe okutheleleka kwe-swine flu A (H1N1) noma ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwezifo zokuphefumula endaweni yaseLleida.

Esinye sezici ezidonse kakhulu ukunaka kochwepheshe ukuthi Akukho mlando wokuxhumana nezilwaneLesi simo sasikhona ezimweni eziningi zangaphambilini. IPhini likaMqondisi Jikelele Wezokuqapha Nokuphendula Ezimweni Eziphuthumayo Zezempilo Yomphakathi, uJacobo Mendioroz, ukhombisile ukuthi lokhu kuyimbangela. "Icala elingavamile" ngoba nje iphula leyo ndlela evamile yokuchayeka.

Uma kungekho ukugxila okucacile, kucatshangelwa izimo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi ukudluliselwa komuntu nomuntu kwenzeke, mhlawumbe kumuntu owayethintene nezingulube futhi owayengase adlulisele lesi sifo ngaphandle kwezimpawu; ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungaba ukungcola kwesampulakungaba esigulini ngaphandle kokubangela ukutheleleka, noma ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqoqwa nokuhlaziywa elabhorethri.

Ukuze kuhlukaniswe phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili, i-WHO kanye nama-laboratory okubhekisela kuzohlaziya uma indoda isungule amasosha omzimba athile ngokumelene negciwaneUma izimpawu zikhona, zingakhomba ukutheleleka kwangempela; uma kungekho okutholakalayo, umbono wokuthi ukungcola kwemvelo noma kobuchwepheshe kuzoqina. Kuze kube yilapho lelo phuzu selicacisiwe, Zonke izinkolelo-mbono zihlala zivulekile., yize kungekho zinguquko ekuhlolweni kwengozi.

Izikhulu zezempilo zomphakathi zigcizelela ukuthi noma ngabe ukudluliselwa komuntu kuya komunye kuqinisekisiwe, uchungechunge oluqhubekayo lwezifo aluzange lubonwe futhi akukho okubonisa ukuqubuka okusebenzayo, njengoba isiguli kanye nendawo esikuyo kuhlale kungenazo izimpawu futhi kutholakale ukuthi asinazo.

Icala lesine eSpain kanye nelesibili elitholakale eCatalonia

UMnyango Wezempilo kanye noMnyango Wezempilo bakhumbuza wonke umuntu ukuthi lokhu Lesi yisigameko sesine sabantu somkhuhlane wezingulube i-A (H1N1) esibikwe eSpain kusukela ngo-2009.Zonke ziqoshwe njengezigameko ezingavamile futhi, ngokuvamile, zinezinkinga ezimbalwa zezokwelapha.

En Leli yicala lesibili eliqinisekisiwe eCatalonia kusukela ngo-2009.Lokhu kuza ngemuva kokuba isisebenzi epulazini lezingulube sitholakale sinesifo ngo-2024. Kuleso simo, ngokungafani nesamanje, kwakukhona [ulwazi olungekho - okungenzeka ukuthi yicala elithile le-COVID-19]. umlando ocacile wokuxhumana okuseduze nezingulubeokuhambisana nephethini evamile yokuthelelana echazwe kulolu hlobo lwegciwane.

Okuhlangenwe nakho okuqoqwe kule minyaka kubonisa ukuthi Ukutheleleka kwabantu ngegciwane le-swine influenza A ngokuvamile kuncane. Futhi, ezimweni eziningi, azidluliselwa ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwabantu. Noma kunjalo, ziqashwe ngokucophelela yi- amandla okuhlanganisa kabusha ngokwemfundiso negciwane lomkhuhlane lomuntu, into engaholela ezinhlotsheni ezinekhono elikhulu lokudlulisa.

Ochwepheshe bakhumbula isibonelo salokhu Ubhubhane lwe-H1N1 lwango-2009Ubhubhane lwe-H1N1, olubangelwe yigciwane elivela ezinhlobonhlobo (izingulube, izinyoni, kanye nabantu), luholele ekufeni kwabantu abayizinkulungwane emhlabeni wonke, yize ubungozi balo babungaphansi kobesatshwa ekuqaleni. Kuleso simo, ukugxuma kusuka ezingulubeni kuya kubantu kwakungabonakala ngokucacile.

Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaziywa kokuqala okwenziwe manje eLleida kukhomba ukuthi uhlobo lomkhuhlane wezingulube oseluvele lusakazeka ezingulubeni nokuthi, okwamanje, akubonisi noma yiziphi izici ezintsha noma ukuziphatha okuhlukile kulokho obekulindelekile. Ngakho-ke, Iziphathimandla zibheka ingozi iyonke njengephansi noma iphansi kakhulu. kubantu baseYurophu.

I-swine flu A isakazeka kanjani futhi iyini ingozi yayo yangempela?

I-Los Izinhlobo ezaziwayo kakhulu zegciwane le-swine influenza A yi-H1N1, H1N2, kanye ne-H3N2.Lawa magciwane ajikeleza ngokuthula inani lezingulube kusuka emhlabeni wonke Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, zingagxumela kubantu, ngokuvamile uma zisondelene kakhulu nezilwane ezinegciwane noma lapho kunezindawo ezingcoliswe kakhulu yizinhlayiya zazo.

Uma igciwane lomkhuhlane wezingulube lidlulela kumuntu, Ukutheleleka ngokuvamile kuncane noma akubonakali ngisho nokubonakaliswa.Ngokuvamile azibonakali, kungaba ngenxa yokuthi akwenziwanga ukuhlolwa okuthile noma ngoba isithombe somtholampilo siphambene nomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngokuvamile, Ukudluliselwa komuntu nomuntu kunqunyelwe futhi akuhlali isikhathi esideYingakho amacala ebonakala njengezehlakalo ezihlukile.

Ngokuqondene nendlela edluliselwa ngayo, isebenza ngendlela efanayo nomkhuhlane wezinkathi: amaconsi nama-aerosol aphumayo lapho ukhwehlela, uthimula, noma ukhulumakanye nangezandla noma izindawo ezingcolile ezilethwa emlonyeni, ekhaleni, noma emehlweni. Ingulube ephekiwe kahle ayibhekwa njengendlela evamile yokuthelelekangoba inqubo yokupheka iyayiqeda igciwane.

I-Los izimpawu ezivamile zomkhuhlane wezingulube kubantu Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, izinhlungu zemisipha, ukukhathala, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu, okungenzeka kube nokuhlanza noma uhudo kwezinye izimo. Njengakwezinye izinhlobo zomkhuhlane, izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zivame ukwenzeka ku- abantu asebekhulile, abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona, noma abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhonalapho i-pneumonia noma ukugula kwabo okuyisisekelo kungase kube kubi khona.

Esimweni samanje saseYurophu, izinhlangano zezempilo zomphakathi zikholelwa ukuthi Ingozi iyonke kubantu isalokhu iphansi kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, ukubaluleka kokugcina izinhlelo zokuqapha eziqinile okuvumela ukutholakala okusheshayo kwezinguquko ekujikelezeni kwala magciwane noma ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezinekhono elikhulu lokusabalala.

Umehluko phakathi komkhuhlane wezingulube wase-Afrika kanye nomongo eCatalonia

Ukubikwa kwaleli cala eLleida kuhambisana nokuba khona Ukuqubuka komkhuhlane wezingulube wase-Afrika ezingulubeni zasendle eCataloniaikakhulukazi endaweni yaseBarcelona. Lokhu kuhlangana kwesikhathi kubangele ukudideka phakathi kwezakhamuzi ezithile, kodwa iziphathimandla zezempilo azizange zisho lutho: Lawa amagciwane amabili ahlukene ngokuphelele.

La I-African swine fever Kuyigciwane elithelelanayo elithinta kuphela izingulube zasekhaya kanye nezingulube zasendle, kanye ukufa okuphezulu kanye nomthelela omkhulu kwezomnotho mayelana nomkhakha wezilwane, kodwa lokho Akutheleli abantuNgakolunye uhlangothi, igciwane le-swine flu A (H1N1) lingangena kubantu ngezikhathi ezithile, yize livame ukwenza kanjalo ezimweni ezithile.

UNobhala Wezempilo Yomphakathi, u-Esteve Fernández, kanye nochwepheshe abahlukahlukene, njengososayensi wezifo eziwumshayabhuqe uJoan Caylà, bagcizelele ukuthi Akukho buhlobo phakathi kwecala labantu eLleida kanye nokuqubuka komkhuhlane wezingulube wase-Afrika.Ukudideka kuvela kakhulu emagama asetshenziswayo, okwabelana ngegama elithi "ingulube" kanti empeleni sikhuluma ngalo. imindeni yegciwane ehlukene ngokuphelele kanye nezindlela zokudlulisela.

Ngezinsizakalo zezempilo zomphakathi, lesi siqephu siphinde sisebenzele ukuhlola izinhlelo zokuthola nokuphendula yaseCatalonia kanye neSpain iyonke. Njengoba uJacobo Mendioroz esho, iqiniso lokuthi icala litholakale ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezicacile futhi ngaphandle kwesici esibonakalayo sengozi liyacatshangelwa. isibonelo sokuzwela kwenethiwekhi yokuqapha.

Kulesi simo, umphakathi uyakhunjuzwa ukuthi, ngale kokukhathazeka okunengqondo kokuthi noma yiziphi izindaba ezihlobene namagciwane avelayo zingadalwaIzincomo ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi ukugcina inhlanzeko yezandla, ukumboza umlomo nekhala lakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, nokulandela iziqondiso ezijwayelekile zesikhathi somkhuhlane, ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezikhethekile eziqondile ezibekwe kuleli cala.

Njengoba lonke ulwazi lukhona kuze kube manje, iziphathimandla zezempilo zaseSpain nezaseYurophu ziyavuma ukuthi Lokhu kungukutholwa okungahleliwe kwe-swine flu A (H1N1) eLleida, kuqashwe ngokucophelela kodwa kunomthelela omncane.Isiguli sisesimweni esihle, akukho ukutheleleka kwesibili okutholiwe, futhi uphenyo luhlala luvulekile ukuze kucaciswe umsuka oqondile womphumela omuhle, kuyilapho izinhlelo zokuqapha ziqhubeka nokuqapha noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingashintsha ukuhlolwa kwengozi ephansi kubantu.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-African swine fever e-Barcelona: isimo, ubungozi kanye nezinyathelo eziqhubekayo