Ihlathi, i-ecosystem eyinkimbinkimbi ecebile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, iyikhaya lenani elingenakubalwa lezinhlobo zezilwane esizithola ezigabeni ezihlukene kanye nokuziphatha okuhlukahlukene. Kusukela ku-canopy kuya phansi, ukuphila ehlathini elinemvula kuyashukumisa futhi kuyathakazelisa. Izilwane zamahlathi emvula azibalulekile nje kuphela ekulinganiseni imvelo, kodwa futhi zinomthelela omkhulu wamasiko nezomnotho emiphakathini yasendaweni neyomhlaba wonke.
I-Jaguar: I-Predator Enkulu Yasehlathini
I-*Panthera onca*, ngokuvamile eyaziwa ngokuthi i-jaguar, ingenye yamakati asabekayo kakhulu ahlala ehlathini. Ngejazi layo elinamagqabhagqabha kanye nokuba khona okumangazayo, i jaguar Ibhekwa njengenkosi yezilwane ezidla ezinye emahlathini aseLatin America.
I-jaguar, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, idla inyamazane ehlukahlukene njengezinyamazane, ama-tapir nama-alligator. Zinokuluma okunamandla okukwazi ukubhoboza ugebhezi lwempango yazo, okuzenza zigqame njengomunye wabazingeli abanekhono kakhulu. Ukwengeza, ikhono layo lokubhukuda liyivumela ukuba izingele ngisho nasezindaweni ezihlala emanzini.
Ngokuphathelene nendawo ezihlala kuyo, zithanda izindawo eziminyene ezinohlaza ezikwazi ukuthola amanzi amaningi, njengemifula namachibi. Nokho, ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokwanda kwabantu, indawo yazo engokwemvelo ihlale isengozini, okwenza kungenzeki ngalezi zilwane ezinhle kakhulu ukuba ziqhelelane nezingxabano nabantu.
I-Howler Monkey: I-Raucous Tree Dweller
I-Howler monkey iyisithombe somfanekiso osesihlahleni samahlathi emvula aseCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Igama layo lingenxa yokungajwayelekile kwayo ukuphimisela, ekwazi ukuzwakala endaweni eqhele ngamakhilomitha ambalwa futhi isebenzela ukumaka indawo.
Lezi zinkawu ziyizilwane ezidla uhlaza, ezidla amaqabunga, izithelo nezimbali. Ukudla kwabo okunefiber ephezulu kuzivumela ukuthi ziphile endaweni lapho ukuncintisana kwezinsiza kushubile. Izinkawu ze-Howler zihlala ngamaqembu amakhulu emindeni futhi zigcina isigaba senhlalo lapho abesilisa abavelele bavikela indawo yabo ngamandla.
Zikhetha ukuhlala ezihlahleni ezinde zehlathi, lapho zithola inala yokudla nokulondeka ezilwaneni ezingase zidle inyamazane. Nokho, ukuhlukana kwezindawo zokuhlala kubangela ukuba lezi zinhlobo zezilwane zinciphe, akuthinti nje kuphela ukusinda kwazo kodwa futhi nokuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo.
I-Toucan: I-Colourful Canopy Dweller
I-toucan, eyaziwa ngombala wayo ogqamile noqhwaku olukhulu, ingenye yazo izinyoni yisakhiwo sodumo yehlathi elishisayo. Uqhwaku lwabo alulona nje ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuphakela, kodwa futhi ludlala indima ebalulekile ku-thermoregulation.
Ukudla kwayo kudliwa kakhulu, nakuba iphinde idle izinambuzane, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezincane nezinye izilwane ezincane. Lokhu kwehlukahlukana kwezinhlobo zokudla kuvumela i-toucan ukuthi ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlakazweni kwembewu, kube negalelo ekunakekeleni nasekuvuseleleni imvelo yasehlathini.
Ngokuphathelene nendawo ahlala kuyo, ama-toucan akhetha ungqimba olungaphezulu lwezihlahla, lapho ekwazi khona ukugwema izilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye futhi athole inala yokudla. Ngeshwa, ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala kanye nokuzingelwa ngokungemthetho kuwusongo olukhulu emphakathini wabo.
Izilwane ezihlala emanzini kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo: Abahlali bomhlabathi kanye ne-Strata elandelayo
Ihlathi akulona nje ikhaya lezilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo nezinyoni ezimibalabala, kodwa futhi ingcebo emangalisayo izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Phakathi kwazo, kugqama amaxoxo afana nexoxo lengilazi, izinyoka ezifana ne-boa constrictor, nezibankwa ezifana ne-basilisk eluhlaza.
Amaxoxo, ikakhulukazi anemibala egqamile, awathakazelisi nje kuphela ukubukeka kwawo kodwa nendawo ezungezile nokuziphatha kwawo. Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo zinobuthi futhi zisebenzisa imibala yazo egqamile njengendlela yokuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoka nezibankwa zidlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokudla. I-boa constrictor, isibonelo, iyisilwane esesabekayo esingahlasela izilwane ezincelisayo ezinobukhulu obukhulu. Ama-Basilisk aziwa ngokukwazi kwawo "ukuhamba" emanzini, ikhono eliwasiza ukuba abaleke izilwane ezidla ezinye.
Ingozi Yokugawulwa Kwamahlathi Nokulondolozwa Kwezindawo Ezihlala Emahlathini
El ingozi yokugawulwa kwamahlathi Kungenye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibhekene namahlathi kanye nezakhamuzi zawo. Ukugawulwa kwemithi ngokungakhethi, ukwanda kwezolimo kanye nezimayini ezingekho emthethweni kucekela phansi izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi emvula ngezinga elishaqisayo.
Lesi simo asithinti kuphela izilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye nezinyoni ezimangalisayo, kodwa futhi nezinambuzane ezingenakubalwa, izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini kanye nama-microorganisms akha isisekelo se-ecosystem. Ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala akugcini nje ngokubeka engcupheni izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kodwa futhi kuthinta kabi isimo sezulu somhlaba wonke, ukwandisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide kanye nokunciphisa amandla amahlathi okusebenza njengama-carbon sinks.
Imizamo ye ukongiwa Zibalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe lezi zindawo zokuhlala eziyigugu. Imiklamo yokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi, iziqiwu kanye nokuvakasha kwemvelo okusimeme kungamanye amasu asetshenziswayo ukulwa nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Imfundo nokuqwashisa nakho kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphilisana okuvumelana phakathi kwemisebenzi yabantu kanye nokulondolozwa kwemvelo.
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Ngalokhu kubuka okujulile nokunemininingwane kokuhlukahluka okumangalisayo kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezindawo ezihlala kuzo emahlathini emvula, kubalulekile ukuthi siqonde ukubaluleka kwalezi zimiso zemvelo futhi sithathe isinyathelo sokuzilondoloza. Uhlobo ngalunye, olukhulu noma oluncane, ludlala indima ebalulekile entanjeni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuphila kwamahlathi emvula, futhi ukuvikelwa kwawo akuqinisekisi nje kuphela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zamanje, kodwa futhi nempilo yeplanethi ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.