- Ososayensi bathola izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezintsha ezingaphezu kuka-23 e-Alboran naseStrait of Gibraltar.
- Lesi simo sihlobene nokukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa kanye nomthelela womuntu.
- I-Tropicalization ingashintsha amaketango okudla futhi ithinte izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle.
- Ochwepheshe bahlongoza izindlela zokulondoloza eziguquguqukayo kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo
Emanzini olwandle Alboran Sea kanye Strait of Gibraltar, ucwaningo lwakamuva lwesayensi lwembule isenzakalo semvelo esibangela isiyaluyalu emphakathini wasolwandle. Eminyakeni yamuva, ochwepheshe baye baphawula ukwanda kwezinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo endaweni lapho zingatholakalanga khona ngaphambiliLe nqubo, echazwa ngokuthi "i-tropicalization", ihilela ukuguqulwa okujulile kwezinto eziphilayo, imbangela eyinhloko ebizwa ngokuthi ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokwenyuka okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokushisa lolwandle.
Ochwepheshe be- I-Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO-CSIC) futhi i Isikhungo se-Oceanographic saseMalaga Bahlaziye izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ogwini oluseningizimu yeSpain ngemiphumela emangazayo, ukusho okungenani: Kurekhodwe izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezintsha ezingama-25, ezingama-23 zazo ezazingakaze zivele ohlwini lwasolwandle lwesifunda.. Lesi sibalo siphawula ingqopha-mlando ezifundweni zezilwane zasolwandle zaseMedithera, njengoba sibonisa izinzuzo ezingakaze zibonwe zezinhlobo zezilwane ezivela ezindaweni ezifudumele kakhulu..
Umsuka kanye nezici zezinhlobo ezintsha
Ngokusho kwedatha eqoqwe, lezi Izinhlobo ezintsha zibonisa ukukhetha okushisayo okuphezulu okungaphezu kuka-6ºC uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zendabuko. Phakathi kwezinhlanzi eziqokonyiswe kumarekhodi akamuva kukhona i-lionfish (Pterois miles) -eyaziwa ngokubukeka kwayo kwangaphandle kanye nobungozi bayo- kanye I-whale shark (i-Rhincodon typus), okubonakala kwakhe kuvame ukungavamile futhi ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa namazinga okushisa akhuphukayo. Izinhlobo ezivela ezindaweni zase-Atlantic noma zase-Afrika nazo ziyavela, njenge Cephalopholis taeniops, Paranthias furcifer o Amalobhothi aseSurinamese, kanye nezinhlobo ezincane ezifihlekile ebezingazange zibonwe ngaphambili futhi manje sezihlonziwe ngenxa yentuthuko yamasu okuhlaziya nezinguquko endaweni ezungezile.
El U-36% wamarekhodi amasha atholwe oLwandle i-Alboran nasezindaweni ezizungezile angase ahlobane ngokuqondile nenqubo ye-tropicalization.Ukufika kwalezi zinhlanzi ikakhulukazi kuthinta isifunda saseMedithera sase-Andalusi, lapho i-Atlantic, i-circumtropical, ngisho nezinhlobo ezithile ze-Indo-Pacific nazo zikhona.
Izinto ezibangela i-tropicalization yoLwandle i-Alboran
ukuphakama kwe izinga lokushisa lolwandle eliphakathi Akungabazeki ukuthi iyimbangela eyinhloko, kodwa kunezinye izinto ezibangela lolu shintsho. ukuxhumana kwemvelo ne-Atlantic kusiza ukungena kwezinhlobo zezilwane, ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseStrait, esisebenza njengesango lokushintshisana ngezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- ithrafikhi yasolwandle, umsebenzi wezokuvakasha kanye nokwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezingavamile (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokubalekela i-aquaculture noma amanzi e-ballast) bathande ukuhlakazeka nokusungulwa kwezilwane zasezindaweni ezishisayo.
Ososayensi bagqamisa indima efanele ye ingcindezi ye-anthropic ekusheshiseni lezi zenzakalo. Izindawo ezifana ne-Alboran ziphakathi kwezindawo zaseMedithera ezichayeke kakhulu ethonyeni labantu: ukuhamba kwemikhumbi, ukudoba, kanye nokufudukela emadolobheni kwendawo egudle ugu kunomthelela ekwakhiweni indawo ekahle yokuzalela yokufika kwezinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane.
Umthelela wemvelo nokuba sengozini kwendawo
El ukususwa kwezinhlobo zomdabu ngezinye zemvelo eshisayo kungaba nemiphumela engathi sína ekulinganiseni kwemvelo kwezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle. Abacwaningi baxwayisa ngokuthi lokhu kushintshwa kungase shintsha amaketango okudla, uguqule izindawo zokuhlala futhi ubeke engozini ukuzinza kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayoUkuhlasela kwakamuva kwama-macroalgae ase-Asia I-Rugulopteryx okamurae Esinye isici esenza isimo sibe nzima nakakhulu, ngoba sishintsha ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinhlobo zezilwane futhi sengeze ingcindezi ezindaweni zendabuko.
Ngokwemiphumela eyethulwe ngu UJosé Carlos Báez y UDavinia Torreblanca, isenzakalo se-tropicalization senzeka kakhulu e-Alboran naseStrait of Gibraltar kunase-Levantine-Balearic, eveza ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo engalingani imiphumela yesimo sezulu ezilwaneni zasolwandle zaseMedithera.
Izinselelo zokongiwa kwemvelo kanye namasu esikhathi esizayo
Ababhali balezi zifundo bagcizelela ukuthi isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuqapha njalo izinguquko ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle. Baphinde batuse ukuthi izinhlelo zokongiwa kwemvelo nezokuphatha zingagcini nje ngokuguquguquka kwemvelo, kodwa futhi zibhekelele umthelela wemisebenzi yabantu kanye nezinsongo ezivela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezuluAmaphrojekthi afana ne-BIODIV namasu athuthukiswa uHulumeni Wesifunda Sase-Andalusia asevele elungisa ezinye zalezi zinkinga, ahlanganisa izindlela zokuvikela eziguquguqukayo ezisivumela ukuthi silindele futhi siphendule ezinselele ezintsha zemvelo.
Ukufika izinhlanzi ezishisayo e-Alboran Sea Ibonisa ukuthi isimo sezulu kanye nomsebenzi womuntu kungashintsha kanjani ibhalansi ye-ecosystem ngesikhathi esifushane. Ukuqapha lezi zinguquko kuzovumela abacwaningi nabaphathi bezemvelo ukuba benze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi bavikele, ngangokunokwenzeka, imithombo yasolwandle yaseningizimu yeSpain.
