E-Spain, iminyovu iyingxenye ezibalulekile zemvelo kwezinhlelo zemvelo, ezidlala indima ebalulekile njengabathuthi bempova kanye nezilawuli zezinambuzane. Nokho, zingaba yimbangela yokukhathazeka ngenxa yokulunywa kwazo okubuhlungu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokujulile izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zeminyovu eSpain, izici zazo namaqiniso athakazelisayo ngazo.
Incazelo Ejwayelekile Yemivi eSpain
Imivi eSpain ikakhulukazi ingeyomndeni I-Vespidae, okuhlanganisa imindeni eminingana engaphansi njenge I-Vespinae, Polistinae, Eumeninae nabanye abaningi. Le mindeni isukela eminyovu ehlala yodwa iye eminyovu yomphakathi eyaziwayo eyakha amakoloni.
Iminyovu ingahlukaniswa nezinyosi ngezici eziningana, enye ephawuleka kakhulu ukubukeka kwayo okuncanyana, nokucwebezelayo. Nakuba izinyosi zivame ukuba nemizimba enoboya, iminyovu inemizimba ebushelelezi nemibala egqamile, esukela kokujwayelekile okumnyama nokuphuzi kuya kokubomvu kanye namathoni ensimbi.
Iminyovu Yezenhlalo: I-Vespulinae ne-Polistinae
I-Las iminyovu yomphakathi, njengalezo zohlobo lweVespula nePolistes, zivamile ezindaweni eziningi zaseSpain. Lezi zinhlobo zihlala emakoloni futhi zinezigaba zomphakathi ezichazwe kahle, ezinendlovukazi ekhanda.
I-Vespula, eyaziwa nangokuthi amajakhethi avamile noma aphuzi, yakha izidleke ezingatholakala kuzo izindawo ezimnyama nezivikelekile njengamakamelo angaphansi, ama-attics kanye nemigodi yaphansi. Zaziwa ngolaka lwazo lapho isidleke sazo sisongelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Polistes, eyaziwa ngokuthi iminyovu yephepha, yakha izidleke ezincane, ezisobala, ngokuvamile ezinamathele ezakhiweni ezinjengamagatsha nezinqe zezakhiwo.
I-Asian Wasp noma i-Vespa velutina
La Umnyovu wase-asian, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Vespa velutina, ingenye yezinhlobo ezihlasela kakhulu eSpain. Indabuko yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, lolu hlobo luye lwabangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngenxa yomthelela walo omubi ezidlekeni zezinyosi zaseYurophu, ezibalulekile ekusakazeni impova kwezolimo.
Lo mnyovu ukala phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-2.5 no-3, ngokubukeka okuqinile nokumnyama kunezinye izinhlobo zendawo. Zincamela ukwakha izidleke zazo endaweni iziqongo zezihlahla, nakuba izidleke nazo ziye zatholakala eduze kwezakhiwo zabantu. Ihlukaniswa ngokuba ngumzingeli omkhulu wezinyosi zezinyosi, okuye kwaholela emikhawulweni kanye nemizamo yokulawula ezifundeni eziningana zezwe.
Ukuzingela Umnyovu: Scelipron kanye nePompilidae
Iminyovu yokuzingela ingelinye iqembu elithakazelisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, labo bohlobo I-Scelophron, zodwa futhi awenzi amakoloni. Zakha izidleke zodaka ezindaweni zokukhosela. Ziyizinambuzane eziwusizo ngendlela emangalisayo, kusukela zizingela izicabucabu ukondla izibungu zabo, ezidlala indima enkulu ekulawuleni lezi zizwe.
Amalungu omndeni wakwaPompilidae, owaziwa ngokuthi iminyovu yesicabucabuBangabazingeli ababodwa. Esikhundleni sokwakha izidleke zodaka, le minyovu ikhubaza izicabucabu futhi izigqibe emhlabathini kanye neqanda. Lapho isibungu sichanyuselwa, sinomthombo wokudla ngokushesha. Le minyovu ibalulekile ekugcineni izicabucabu zilingana.
Iminyovu Yomndeni wakwa-Eumeninae: I-Potter Wasps
I-Las umbumbi iminyovu, okungamalungu omndeni wakwa-Eumeninae, aqashelwa ukwakha izidleke zodaka. Iningi lalezi zinyovu zizimele zodwa futhi azinawo umphakathi oyinkimbinkimbi njengeVespulinae noma iPolistinae.
Iminyovu ye-Potter izuzisa imvelo njengoba izingela amacimbi nezinye izinambuzane ezingalimaza izitshalo nezitshalo. Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, banendima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izinambuzane. Ukwengeza, imikhuba yabo yokuzalela udaka ibenza bangabi nobudlova futhi bangabi namathuba okusebenzelana nabantu.
Ilukuluku mayelana neminyovu
Noma ngabe idumela elibi ukuthi iminyovu ingaba ngenxa yokuntinyela kwayo, izinhlobo eziningi zinenzuzo kubantu. Basebenza njenge impova ezibalulekile kanye nezilawuli zezinambuzane zemvelo.
Nazi ezinye ilukuluku:
- Iminyovu ingakhumbula ubuso bomuntu. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zeminyovu yomphakathi zinekhono eliphawulekayo lokuqaphela ubuso.
- La imibala ehlukahlukene Eminyovu akusebenzi nje ukwesabisa izilwane ezidla ezinye, kodwa futhi nokuxhumana phakathi kwabo.
- Eminye iminyovu isebenzisa pheromones ukuxwayisa abanye ngengozi noma ukuxhumanisa ukuhlasela okuhlangene.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokuhlonipha indima yeminyovu emvelweni. Nakuba ezinye zingase zibonakale zisongela, zabo umnikelo ekulinganiseni kwemvelo kanye nekhono lazo lokulawula inani lezinambuzane lizenza zibaluleke endaweni yethu.