- Imibhalo yocwaningo yokuxhumana okudlalayo nokuxhumana phakathi kwemikhomo namahlengethwa; Ukuhlangana oku-1 koku-4 kwaba kuhle futhi kufana.
- Amavidiyo ama-Suction-tagged abonisa amahlengethwa ephelezela ama-humpback whale phansi olwandle.
- Ukuziphatha okuqashelwe kufaka phakathi ukugingqika, ukuboniswa kwesisu, ukugibela amagagasi okucindezela, kanye nokuphulula okukhethekile; izimpawu ezinolaka azivamile.
- Ukuhlaziywa kokusebenzelana okungu-199 emazweni angu-17 (izincwadi ezingu-197 nezinto zasensimini) kuphakamisa izinzuzo ezingaba khona kanye nenani lokonga.
Izigcawu ze imikhomo namahlengethwa edlala Ziye zasuka ekubeni ilukuluku lokufuna ukwazi ziye zaba isenzakalo esilotshwe ngokuningiliziwe isayensi. Ukuqaphela kwakamuva kubonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zezilwane azihlanganisi amanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi zihlanganyela ngenkuthalo, nezimpawu ezikhomba isibopho somphakathi esiyinkimbinkimbi kunalokho okwakucatshangwa ngaphambili.
Iqembu elivela ku Inyuvesi yaseGriffith (Australia) iye yahlaziya amavidiyo nezithombe eziqoqwe ezinhlelweni zokubuka ezihlukahlukene kanye nezingcweti zasolwandle. Ucwaningo, olushicilelwe kumagazini i-Discover Animals, luphetha ngokuthi cishe ukuhlangana okukodwa kwezine phakathi kwemikhomo namahlengethwa ikhombisa izimpawu ezinhle nezihambisanayo, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokungaphatheki kahle.
Ukusuka ekuhlangabezaneni nenhlanhla kuya ebudlelwaneni obungaguquki
Amarekhodi akhomba ukusebenzisana ngamabomu Esikhundleni sokwedlula ukuqondana nje, imibuzo ebilokhu ihlupha abacwaningi—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakuwumdlalo, iqhinga lokuzingela elihlanganyelwe, noma ukunyakaza nje okuhambisanayo—isiqala ukuthola izimpendulo ngolimi lomzimba lwawo womabili la maqembu.
Ezikhathini eziningi, imikhomo isabela ekusondeleni kwamahlengethwa esondela, ejikela emaceleni, noma ekhombisa isisu. Lezi zindlela zokuziphatha, ezivamile ezimweni ze ubungane noma ukuthandana ohlotsheni olulodwa, phakamisa ubudlelwano bezinhlangothi ezimbili. Phakathi kwama-humpback whale, inani lokuhlangana nokusebenzelana okucacile likhuphuka lifinyelele cishe ingxenye yesithathu.
Iphethini iyahlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo. imikhomo empunga bathande ukuginqika; ama-southern frank Zivame ukusebenzisa amaphiko azo asesifundeni ukuze zishaye amanzi; futhi ama-humpback Ahlanganisa ukuhamba kancane, izethulo zesisu, nokunyakaza okuhlanekezelwe lapho ehlangana namahlengethwa azolile.
Ukutshuza okwabelwana ngakho phansi kolwandle
Amavidiyo amabili athwetshulwe nge amakhamera anamathiselwe inkomishi yokumunca emihlane yemikhomo ye-humpback iveza okuthile okungajwayelekile: amahlengethwa asebhodleleni Bahamba nabo hhayi kuphela ebusweni, kodwa futhi ngesikhathi ukutshuza okujulile, ngezinye izikhathi efinyelela phansi olwandle. Lapho, ebumnyameni nokucindezela okuphezulu, amahlengethwa ayaqhubeka ehamba ngokukhululeka ezungeze ama-cetaceans amakhulu.
Idathasethi ihlanganisa amarekhodi we 425 imikhomo yezinhlobo eziyisithupha, nama-humpback akhona cishe ku-68% wokubhekwa. Phakathi kwamahlengethwa, yizinhlobo ezivelele ibhodlela, kodwa amahlengethwa anemigqa, amahlengethwa esipina nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezingavamile kakhulu nazo zabikwa ekuhlanganeni.
Ngokusho kweqembu, cishe U-25% wabathintwayo wabonisa izimpawu zobungane ezicacile, ingxenye eyandayo kuma-humpback. Izenzo ezinjengokugingqika, ukuhlehla, noma ukusondela kancane kubonakala kusebenza njengalokhu izimpawu zomphakathi phakathi kwezinhlobo.
Ulimi lomzimba nemidlalo: abakwenzayo nokuthi kungani
Amahlengethwa ngokuvamile aqala indlela, ngokuvamile eduze kwekhanda wemikhomo, mhlawumbe ukuze uhlale uthintana namehlo. Baphinde basebenzise i- igagasi lomfutho okukhiqizwa ama-cetaceans amakhulu, ohlotsheni "lokuntweza" okuveza injabulo kanye nelukuluku kunokuncintisana noma ukungqubuzana.
Phakathi kokuziphatha okuchaziwe, amaphethini abushelelezi futhi ahlelekile agqamayo: lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukugibela i-arch" (ukusefa igagasi langaphambili), ama-trajectories. ukuzulazula ngezinguquko ezicashile, ukunyakaza okuhambisanayo ("ukuvakasha") kanye isisu rollsOkungenani emihlanganweni eyisishiyagalombili, zabonwa ukuphulula noma ukuhlikihla amahlengethwa ngamabomu endaweni yekhanda lemikhomo.
- Ukusefa igagasi lokucindezela le-cetacean, elifana nelomuntu otshuza emanzini.
- Ama-roll, ama-side turn kanye namaphrezentheshini esisu ngezimpawu zobungane.
- Ukuhlikihla kanye nokuthinta okuthambile kokusondelana phakathi kwezinhlobo zezilwane.
- Ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane, okuhambisanayo nokuzolile.
Izimpawu zokungezwani—njenge umsila uyaphephetha noma izinqenqema zekhanda-zenzeka ezimweni ezimbalwa, futhi zivame ukwanda uma zikhona ukuswelakala kokudla noma izimo ezibucayi (ezifana nezingxabano phakathi kwemikhomo noma ukuba khona kwamathole). Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, amahlengethwa alalela kakhulu kunokungenela. Kwelinye observation, a whale ngisho phakamisa kancane ihlengethwa, ukuthinta okungafanelana nokudlala komphakathi okuxubile noma ukubonakaliswa kokunakekela.
Kubacwaningi, izinzuzo ezingaba khona zikabili: amahlengethwa ahlinzeka ukushesha nokuqapha, nemikhomo, ubukhulu namandla. Zombili izinhlobo Bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukutholwa kwezilwane ezizingelayo, bathuthukise ukufinyelela ezinsizeni, noma bamane bondle zabo impilo yenhlalo nokuqonda ngokudlala.
Ubufakazi butholakale kanjani
Ukuhlaziywa kusekelwe ku 199 ukusebenzisana phakathi kwemikhomo ye-baleen namahlengethwa abhalwe ku Amazwe we-17, enezinto ezivela kubaqhubi bezokuvakasha, abathwebuli bezithombe nabasebenzi besayensi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, 197 okuthunyelwe okuhlukile etholakala kumanethiwekhi (i-Facebook, Instagram, Flickr, TikTok, X kanye ne-YouTube) phakathi kuka-2004 noSepthemba 2024, ngaphezu kwamavidiyo aqondene nenkambu ethile.
Ukwanda kwe- izithombe ze-drone bekuyisihluthulelo sokuhumusha umongo emoyeni, kuyilapho amathegi okumunca Banikeze iwindi eliyingqayizivele lokuziphatha ngaphansi kwendawo, lapho izindlela, ukuthintwa okungenzeka, kanye nokudlala okujulile nakho kwarekhodwa.
Ababhali baveza ukuthi, kanye ne amasignali acoustic ezichaza lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle, umbono ezibonakalayo Kubuye kubonakale kusebenza ngesikhathi sokuhlangana. Izifundo zesikhathi esizayo ezinomsindo oqoshiwe kanye nokulandelela isikhathi eside zihlose ukucacisa izisusa kanye nokwehluka kwesifunda.
Ukuhambisana nokongiwa kwesayensi
Iziphetho zandisa imephu ye- imvelo yezenhlalo zezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle: azihlali ndawonye kuphela, kodwa futhi ziyafunana futhi zivivinye zodwa. Kwabanye ochwepheshe, lawa ma-dynamics angamngcele kuma-elementi we isiko -ukuziphatha okufundiwe nokudluliselwayo-ngaphakathi naphakathi kwezinhlobo zezilwane.
Ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kuxhumana kwenzeka kanjani futhi nini kusiza ukuchaza izinyathelo zokulondoloza: Ukuvikela uhlobo oluthile kuphinde kusho ukuvikela ukuxhumana egcina imvelo yayo. Ukuphathwa kwemisebenzi yezokuvakasha neyokubuka kufanele kucabangele lezi zikhathi zokudlala nezokuhlalisana kwabantu, kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka ngezikhathi ezibucayi njenge ukuswelakala kokudla noma ukunakekela inzalo.
Okwakubonakala njengokuhlangana okuvamile kubonakala kuwubudlelwano ecebile futhi enama-nuanced: Imikhomo namahlengethwa ayabhukuda, adlale, futhi atshuze ndawonye, anezinzuzo ezingaba khona zakho kokubili kanye nemininingwane ebalulekile yesayensi nokongiwa kwemvelo.
